An 84 year old woman has worsening confusion

An 84 year old woman has worsening confusion. She has visual hallucinations, disturbed sleep and urinary incontinence for 1 week. She has Alzheimer’s dementia and arthritis and has recently started taking paracetamol.

Her abbreviated mental test score is 2/10.

Which is the most likely underlying reason for her deterioration?

  1. Depression
  2. Encephalitis
  3. Medication related confusion
  4. Progression of dementia
  5. Urinary tract infection

E. Urinary tract infection

Explanation: