Funduscopic examination of a patient with TIA may reveal what physical finding?
1.Hollenhorst plaques
2.Papilledema
3.Cotton-wool spots
4.A V nicking
sol:
On examination of the fundus, you may see Hollenhorst plaques. These are cholesterol emboli that are lodged in the retinal artery. They arise from an atheromatous plaque and contain both cholesterol and fibrin. These emboli originate from plaques in the carotid arteries, and auscultation of the carotid arteries may reveal bruits. The other funduscopic findings are seen in both hypertensive and diabetic retinopathy.