He has a past medical history of asthma, ischaemic heart disease and gallstones

An 85-year-old man is admitted on the medical take with a 4 day history of a productive cough, followed by 2 days of shortness of breath, fever and confusion. He has an obvious shadow over the lower zone of his left lung on chest x-ray which was not there on a routine x-ray one month earlier. He has a past medical history of asthma, ischaemic heart disease and gallstones. Which of the following is most strongly associated with a poor prognosis?

CURB-65 score of 3
Past medical history of asthma
Ex-smoker
Patient meets criteria for sepsis
Saturations of 92% on 8 litres of oxygen via non-rebreathe mask