Stains
- HEMATOXYLIN stain:
#Blue and basic
#Stains NEGATIVELY CHARGED substances e.g. DNA and RNA
#Nucleus stained.
- EOSIN :
#Pink and acidic.
#Stains POSITIVELY CHARGED structures e.g. mitochondria
#Cytoplasm is stained.
- Oil red O stain:
#fat/lipid (on frozen section)
■ other stains for lipid /fat are:
a) Sudan black B
b) Sudan IV
c) Annexin V
d) Osmium teroxide
- PAS Stain :
a) Glycogen
b) Fungus and amoeba
c) Basement membrane
d) Lymphoblast (BLOCK LIKE POSITIVITY)
e) Erythroblast (DIFFUSELY POSITIVE)
- CALCIUM STAINS :
a) Von kossa
b) Alizarin red
c) Calcein
- PERL’S PRUSSIAN BLUE :
#Iron/hemosiderin
- FUNGUS STAINS:
a) Gomori’s methenamine silver stains —(best fungal stain; stains both live and dead fungus)
b) PAS stain----only live fungus staining
8 ) AMYLOID STAINS:
a) Lugol’s iodine—gross specimen
b) Hematoxylin and eosin
c) Methyl violet
d) Crystal violet
e) Thioflavin T
f) Toluidine blue
g) PAS
h) Alcian blue
i) CONGO RED STAIN— pink/red under ordinary light
And APPLE –GREEN BIREFRINGERENCE on POLARISED MICROSCOPY(DIAGNOSTIC)
- ALCIAN BLUE STAIN;
#Mucin and mucosubstances
- ACID FAST STAIN
- FONTANA MASSON:
#Melanin and Argentaffin cells.
- MASSON’s TRICHROME STAINS:
----------------------------------------------------’-------
#Collagen and connective tissue
- VERHOFF-VON-GIESON (VVG):
#Elastic fibres ( other stain—ORCEIN stain)
- TOLUIDINE BLUE:
#Mast cells
- LUXOL FAST BLUE:
- BIELSCHOWSKY STAIN:
(uses silver stain)
#Neurofibrillary tangles and neuritic plaques
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