HY for USMLE Step 1
- Which of the following features of the Tetralogy of Fallot primarily determines the severity of the disease?
- A. Size of the ventricular septal defect
- B. Degree of pulmonary infundibular stenosis
- C. Overriding aorta
- D. Thickness of the right ventricular wall [amount of right ventricular hypertrophy]
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- Why does the cyanosis reduce when the patient assumes a “knee-chest” position?
- A. Increase in inhaled oxygen
- B. Increased afterload
- C. Decreased preload
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- Tetralogy of Fallot is caused by the abnormal migration of _______
- A. Ectoderm
- B. Endoderm
- C. Neural crest
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- In patients diagnosed with the Tetralogy of Fallot, what gives the heart a boot shaped appearance on chest xray?
- A. Right Ventricular Hypertrophy
- B. Ventricular Septal Defect
- C. Pulmonary Infundibular Stenosis
- D. Overriding Aorta
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- While auscultating the chest of a patient with Tetralogy of Fallot, you happen to hear a holosystolic murmur in the left lower sternal border. What do you think caused this murmur?
- A. Atrial septal defect
- B. Overriding aorta
- C. Ventricular Septal Defect
- D. Pulmonary infundibular stenosis
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