PART 2 IMPORTANT POINTS
- Patient with deteriorating memory and depression – Alzheimer’s disease
- Trousseaus sign – CA pancrease
- Patient with anemia and low MCV next Ix – Serum Ferritin
- Cause of hepatic encephalopathy – Conspitation
- Atrzopine is used as tx of – Organophosphate poisoning
- 7 month old with frontal bossing and Hb= 7.0g/dl and family h/o transfusions Ix – Hb electrophoresis
- Ankylosing Spondylitis – 30 year old with backache (sacr-iliaitis) and uveitis
- Patient with factor VIII deficiency and prolonged bleeding time – Von Wilibrand disease
- SLE – Anti dsDNA antibody
- Anti CCP antibodies – Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Contraindicated in bilateral renal Artery stenosis – ARBs
- Cause of dry cough – ACE inhibitors
- CURB- 65 – Community acquired pneumonia
- Child Pugh – Liver disease
- Foul smelling after use of Ceftriaxone – Pseudomembranous colitis
- Beck triad – Low systolic pressure Distended JVP, muffled heart sound
- Major criteria for Rheumatic fever – Migratory Polyarthritis
- Anemia with MCV 102 – Folate deficiency
- Army barrack meningitis – Meningococcus
- Caput medusa and ascites – Portal hypertension
- Melena, splenomegaly etc in alcoholic – Esophageal varices
- Cause of acute infective endocarditis – Staphylococcus Aureus
- Develop diarrhea after eating meat – staphylococcal toxin
- Isolated thrombocytopenia – ITP
- Patient with anemia, thrombocytopenia and renal involvement after diarrhea – hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
- Female with URI and cervical lymphadenopathy – IgM against CMV
- Army in Waziristan with cutaneous lesion on shin – Cutaneous leishmaniasis
- Leishmania transmit through – Sand-fly
- Large acral parts and raised GH – Acromegaly
- Stomach lavage contraindication – Kerosene oil
- Vitiligo, cheilitis etc associated with – Pernicious anemia
- Tetany, Carpopedal associated with – Hypocalcaemia
- Thyroid storm
- Plethora, engorged neck veins and edematous upper limbs – SVC syndrome
- Diabetic with red, tender, swollen, hot and impotence in knee joint – Septic arthritis
- Features of mitral stenosis – Mid diastolic murmur with pre-systolic accentuation
- Blue green discharge – Pseudomonas
- Common involvement in Multiple Sclerosis – Optic neuritis
- Mycoplasma associated with – Hemolytic anemia
- Type II respiratory failure – Hypercarbia
- Gout – Crystals in synovial fluid
- Tonic-clonic attack with tongue biting and urinary incontinence is associated with – Grand Mal Epilepsy
- Active viral replication – HbeAg
- Myasthenia gravis is a disease of – Neuromuscular junction
- Most rapid confirmation of TB – Sputum for AFB
- Patient with battery acid in eye – frequent irrigation
- Aplastic crisis in sickle cell anemia – Parvovirus B19
- Dermatomyositis – Gottron papule
- Flare of SLE – C3/C4 and raised anti dsDNA antibodies
- Coronary arteries scan – Thallium
- 50 years old with pain in umbilical region which later shifted to RIF and Rovsing positive – Appendicitis
- Confirmation of thyroid CA – FNAC
- Glottis Ca tx – Radiotherapy
- Patient > 45 years with thyroid CA – Sub-total thyroidectomy
- Thyroid CA with previous h/o Hashimoto thyroiditis – Lymphoma
- Tract connected to skin – Fistula
- Throbbing pain in which increases on sitting – perianal abcess
- Compound fracture – 2 or more fragments
- Humerus diaphysis fracture – Radial nerve injury
- Intact comprehension but difficulty speaking – Broca’s area damage
- Wasting of thenar muscles – Carpal tunnel syndrome
- Mediastinal shift to left and hyper-resonant right hemithorax – Tension pneumothorax
- Main supply of laryngeal muscles – Vagus nerve
- Massive lower GI bleed – Ulcerative colitis
- Involvement of GIT with oral ulcer – Crohn’s disease
- Patient with hematuria after kicked and bruise on lumbar region – Renal injury
- Amputation of leg, develop respiratory symptoms and crepitations at amputated area – Gas gangrene
- Patient recovered from crushed home – Compartmental syndrome
- Pituitary enlargement – Ganglion cyst
- Bitemporal hemianopia
- Tearing chest pain – Aortic dissection
- Board hard abdomen, air below diaphragm with 3 weeks of swinging fever – Typhoid perforation
- Air level in Gall bladder with intestinal obstruction – Gall stone ileus
- Most common bed ulcers – Sacral ulcers
- Endogenous cause of infection in burns – Immunocompromised state
- Abdominal pain and Atrial Fibrillation – Mesenteric infarction
- Initial Rx in burns – I/V fluids
- Fluid monitoring in burns – Urine output
- Pneumaturia and sometime feaces in urine – Recto-vesicle fistula
- Most common site of saccular aneurysm – Posterior communicating artery
- Chewing, suckling etc during epileptic attack – Temporal lobe epilepsy
- Acute Pancreatitis, initial Rx. – I/V fluids
- Glucagonoma – Acanthosis Nigrican
- Patient with laparoscopy done – Incisional hernia
- Swelling beneath ear – Pleomorphic adenoma
- Breast CA with back pain, metastasis in bones – Bone scan
- Numbness in lateral 2 fingers – Median nerve
- Surveillance for colorectal CA – CEA
#Psychiatry_Behavioral Sciences
- Patient insists one particular doctor who he think is like his father – Transference
- Girl seeing her parents fighting – Dissociative disorder
- Loss of vision after noticing fight between parents – Conversion disorder
- Mood stabilizer – Lithium
- Drug for panic attack – Paroxetine
- SNRI – Venlafaxine
- Delusion – Delirium
- Depression – Decrease Serotonin
- Patient with dog phobia Rx. – Behavior therapy
- Most common hallucination in Schizophrenia – Auditory
- Student failed in exam saying that “this is not my fault……” – Rationalization
- Cognitive impairment – Delirium
- Extra-pyramidal S/S – Dystonia
- Attempted suicide – H/o previous harm to his body
- Medical condition that should be ruled out in anxiety disorder – TSH
- Insight – Patient knows about his disease and willing to take Tx.
- Rose spots – Typhoid fever
- Hypotonic child with small palpebral fissures etc – Trisomy 21
- Child born to diabetic mother having lethargy etc initial Ix – Blood sugar level
- Neonatal vaccination – BCG
- Vaccine that can be dangerous in infant if used early – Measles
- Cause of constipation in child – Hurshpurg disease
- Child having per rectal bleed and empty RIF – Intussusception
- Sudden weakness in left lower limb – Polio
- Bitot spots are present in – Vitamin A deficiency
- Greyish white membrane on tonsils – Diphtheria
- Child with recurrent UTIs and poor stream – Posterior urethral valve
- Compression rate in child ALS/BLS – 100
- Most common cause of meningitis in 14 years old – Pneumococcus
- Diphtheria – Causes respiratory obstruction
- Initial Dose of N/S in infant – 20 mg/kg
- Treatment of shock in infant – Adrenaline
- 14 years old with retinoblastoma may develop – Osteosarcoma
- Dehydrated child, unable to drink – I/V Ringer Lactate
- Infant with URTI and R/R=65/min no chest indrawing – No pneumonia
- Shallow anterior chamber and 45mmHg of IOP – Acute angled glaucoma
- Buphthalmosis – Congenital glaucoma
- Prevention of acute angle glaucoma if already occurred in one eye – Peripheral iridiotomy
- Traumatic injury and retina not visible – Vitreous hemorrhage
- Curtain falling in front of my eye – Retinal detachment
- 64 years old hypertensive lady having diffusely hemorrhagic and edematous retina along with sudden loss of vision – CRVO
- 64 years old hypertensive lady having diffusely hemorrhagic and edematous retina along with sudden loss of vision – CRVO
- Retinoblastoma
- Retinoblastoma (2 different cases)
- Posterior capsulectomy – YAG laser
- Most common type of cataract – Senile cataract
- Child cannot read white board but can easily read book – Myopia
- Gradual loss of vision after 40 years – Presbyopia
- Hypopyon in anterior chamber – Uveitis
- Patient cannot see up and down – CN IV injury
- Patient unable to see laterally – Abducent nerve
- Branching ulcer – Herpes Zoster
- Impacted wax – Conductive deafness
- Conductive deafness – Otosclerosis
- Sensory-neuronal deafness – Acoustic neuroma
- Involved nerve in Acoustic neuroma – CN VIII
- Common cause of tonsillectomy – Recurrent tonsillitis
- Antro- coanal polyp arise from – Maxillary sinus
- Maxillary sinus open in – Middle nasal meatus
- Child with watering eye – Nasolacrimal duct blockage
- Nasolacrimal duct open into – Inferior nasal meatus
- Posterior epistaxis – Posterior nasal packing
- Most dangerous tympanic membrane perforation – Postero-superior
- Blood supply to tonsils – Tonsillar branch of facial
- Child have fear on seeing nurse, stimulus is – Injections
- Tracheostomy – frequent suctions
- Boy with mouth ulcer during exam – Aphthous ulcer
- Tracheostomy site – 3rd-4th tracheal rings
- Complication of tracheostomy – Can’t speak
- Yellow crusting on face – Impetigo
- Pustules over face Tx. – Flucloxacillin
- Patient with eruption involving one dermatome – Acyclovir
- Family in Muree have itching – Scabies
- 6 moth old, Rx of scabies – 5% permethrin
- Melanoma – Asymmetrical changes in shape and color of nevus
- A 20 year old female developed skin rash 3 days after URTI – Chicken Pox
- Hypopegmention over face – Tinea Alba
- Patient with facial plaques and caseating granuloma – Dapsone
- Skin lesion with ulnar and peroneal nerve involvement – Leprosy
- Bulging membrane – Imperforated hymen
- BP >140/90 on 2 different occasions but dipstick negative – Gestational hypertension
- Curdy white vaginal discharge – Candidiasis
- Painless bleed in 32nd week of gestation – Placenta previa
- Raised BP in third trimester and brisk tendon reflexes – Pre-eclampsia
- Commonly used tocolytic – Nifedipine
- Prophylaxis of fits in pregnancy (Eclampsia) – MgSO4
- Ix. for Endometriosis – Laparoscopy
- Ix. for Asherman Syndrome – Hysteroscopy
- Pregnant with transverse lie – ECV and SVD
- 38 years old smoker on COCP with cervical changes – Pap smear
- Female > 45 years per vaginal bleed – Endometrial biopsy
- Hyperprolactinemia – Decreased chances of pregnancy
- Young obese female with increased LH – PCOD
- Hidatiform mole – Biweekly B-HCG with contraception
- Post-partum hemorrhage – Oxytocin
- Menstrual irregularities in 22 year-old female…cocp