Staphyloma is the term given to an eye whose scleral-uveal coats are stretched with uveal protrusion

Staphyloma is the term given to an eye whose scleral-uveal coats are stretched with uveal protrusion. This most commonly occurs posteriorly, although anterior staphyloma also is recognized. As opposed to coloboma, staphyloma defect is located off-center from the optic disc, typically temporal to the disc.

Clinical presentation
Patients often present with severe axial myopia .
Pathology
It is an acquired defect secondary to weakness and thinning of the scleral-uveal coats .
Posterior staphyloma

  • progressive myopia (or mega myope) is the most common cause
  • glaucoma
  • scleritis
  • necrotizing infection
  • surgery/trauma
  • radiotherapy
    Anterior staphyloma
    Seen secondary to inflammation or infection of the sclero-corneal lining of the eye.
    Radiographic features
  • increased eye size
  • focal deformity (not as marked as coloboma), usually posterior
  • non-enhancing uveo-sclera
    Differential diagnosis
  • buphthalmos or macrophthalmos: congenital glaucoma, neurofibromatosis type 1(NF1)
  • axial myopia
  • coloboma.