The Accessory nerve ------------------
Divisions - cranial & Spinal.
Nuclei- Spinal accessory nucleus , cranial nucleus of accessory nerve (nucleus ambiguus)
Type - Motor
Brain stem
Emergence - posterior border of the olive
Below the level of Vagus nerve.
Foramen association - jugular foramen (pars vascularis)
Innervation - Trapezius , sternocleidomastoid , pharyngeal constrictors, larynx, muscles of the soft palate (motor)
Clinical importance - extracranial lesions,
Lesion within the jugular foramen, lesion of the nucleus, lesion above the nucleus.
