The MOST COMMON Cancer in Australia is Skin Cancer —> Colon Cancer —> Breast Cancer —> Prostate Cancer —> Lung Cancer
The best screening test should have High sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value.
The most effective screening method wordwide is FETAL OCCULT BLOOD TEST at the age of 50 for Colon Cancer
Pre 18 Years Screening: Screen always for Alcohol and Depression + LEAD Levels
Post 65 Years Screening: Visual Acuity and Hearing
Breast Cancer Self Screening: In those over >20 years of age, done at 3-5 days after the menstrual cycle. The best maneauver is CIRCULAR MOTION
Breast Cancer Screening: PE by a doctor every 3 years in those between 20-40 years of age. Then by Mammorgraphy every 2 years in women between 50-74 years of age
Breast Cancer Screening in High Risk Patients (One FIRST DEGREE RELATIVE WITH BREAST CANCER UNDER <50 YEARS OF AGE: PE by a doctor every 3 years in those between 20-40 years of age. Then by Mammography every 2 years in those between 40-74 years of age.
Cervical Cancer Screening: Cytology every 3 years between 21-29 years of age, then Cytology + HPV from 30-65 years of age, stop at 65 years if 3 negative results. If one positive result? Continue for 10 years, example: at 64? continue till 74 with the same intervals 3-3-3
Cervical Cancer Screening in Australia: Pap Smear Every 2 Years from 18-70 or Start at 2 Years after the FIRST SEX whoever comes first till 70 years of age. Abnormal LSIL Dysplasia? Rescreen at 12 Months, At 69? Continue for 10 years till 79. Abnormal HSIL Dysplasia? Colposcopy
FIGO Criteria for Cervical Cancer
Colon cancer screening starts at 40 years, or 10 years before the first colon cancer in family, which ever comes first, every year (every 2 years in Australia) with fetal ocupt blood test, every 5 years by sigmoidoscopy, and every 10 years by colonoscopy, every 3 years if a cancer was resected or large multiple polyps are found.
Colon Screening in HIGH RISK FAP: Every 1 Year in those between 10–35 Years of Age, then every 3 years in those over >35 years of age
Colon Screening in HIGH RISK LYNCH Syndrome: Every 1-2 Years in those over >20-25 Years of Before 5 Years of the first Cancer in the Family
Colon Screening in Crohn’s Disease / UC Ulcerative Colitis: Every 1-3 Years starting from 8-10 Years after Diagnosis
DUKES Criteria for Colon Cancer
Prostate Cancer Screening is NO LONGER RECOMMENDED.
Prostate Cancer Screening OLD Protocol: DRE Rectal Examination every 1 year in those over >40 years or age then by DRE Rectal Examination + PSA Levels (BOTH) every 1 year in those over >50 years of age
Gleason Criteria for Prostate Cancer
Lung Cancer Screening: Only in Smokers with 30-Pack Year between 55-80 Years of Age / Current Smokers / Ex Smokers in the Last 15 Years. By Spiral or Helical CT
Skin Cancer Screening: Only in Arsenic Exposure / Post Transplantation / Previous Skin Cancer / More Than >5 Atypical Nevus. By PE Every 6-12 Months
Diabetes Screening: Fasting Blood Sugar Every 1 Year in those over >40 Years of Age or in those with BMI over >25. Every 1 Year by Fasting Blood Sugar in ABORGINAL AUSSIES aged over >12 Years of age
Oropharyngeal Cancer / Oral Cavity Screening: Every 1 Year in Smokers Only
HIV Screening: Once in those between 16-65 Years of Age / Homosexuals / Unprotected Sex
Hepatitis B Screening: Only in Homosexuals / Unprotected Sex / IV Drug Users
Hepatitis C Screening: Only in Homosexuals / Unprotected Sex / IV Drug Users
Lipidemia Screening: Every 5 Years in Those Over >35 Years of Age.
HT Screening: Every 2 years in those over >18 years of age. Every 3 Months in Diabetes
Eye Examination / Screening: Every 2-3 Years. Every 6 Months in Diabetes / DMARD / Hydroxyquine Anti Malaria
TSH Screening: Every 5 Years in the General Population. Every 6 Months in Hypothyroidism. Every 3 months in Lithium Bipolar Patients / Amiodarone / Digoxin Oubin
AAA Screening: Once Only hose who smoked at least once between 65-75 years of age.