A white, 5-year-old, thin boy is brought to the physician complaining of recent weight loss

A white, 5-year-old, thin boy is brought to the physician complaining of recent weight loss accompanied by excessive hunger, thirst, and urination. His urine is positive for high levels of ketones and glucose. Which of following is the most likely mechanism and associated findings in this disease?

(A) A deficiency of a brush border enzyme of the intestinal mucosal cells, causing an inability to break down all of the normally digested carbohydrates
(B) An autoimmune process and an association with human leukocyte antigens DR3 and DR4
© An autoimmune process associated with human leukocyte antigen B27
(D) An increase in the body’s resistance to insulin; association with obesity