Q-11. Abductor of the larynx is
a) Crico- Arytenoideus posterior
b) Crico- Arytenoideus lateralis
c) Arytenoideus transverses
d) Vocalis muscle
Answer: Crico- Arytenoideus posterior
Explanation:
Intrinsic muscles of larynx acting on vocal cords:
Abductors: Posterior crico-arytenoid
Adductors: Lateral crico-arytenoid, inter-arytenoid and thyro-arytenoid
Tensors: Cricothyroid and Vocalis (Internal part of thyro-arytenoid)
Q-12. Trotter’s triad consists of following except
a) Conduction deafness
b) Trigeminal neuralgia
c) VII nerve palsy
d) Ipsilateral soft palate immobility
Answer: VII nerve palsy
Explanation:
The commonest site of origin is fossa of Rosenmuller in the lateral wall of the naso-pharynx.
Nasopharyngeal cancer can cause conductive deafness, ipsilateral temporo-parietal neuralgia (Involvement of cranial nerve V) and palatal paralysis (CN X) – collectively called trotter’s triad
Q-13. Gradenigo’s syndrome involves all of the following cranial nerves
a) IV, VII
b) V, VI
c) VI, IX
d) VII, VIII
Answer: V, VI
Explanation:
Gradenigo’s syndrome consists of ear discharge, diplopia (CN VI paralysis) and retro-orbital pain (CN V involvement). It is due to Petrositis.
Q-14. Tobey Ayer Test is positive in
a) Lateral sinus thrombosis
b) Petrositis
c) Cerebral abscess
d) Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Answer: Lateral sinus thrombosis
Explanation:
Tobey-Ayer-Test is used in the diagnosis of lateral sinus thrombophlebitis. This is to record CSF pressure by manometer and to see the effect of manual compression of one or both jugular veins.
In cases where the lateral sinus is obstructed on one side, compression of the jugular vein on the intact side causes a rise in CSF pressure, whereas compression of the obstructed side does not raise the CSF pressure.
Q-15. Bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis is seen in
a) Multi-nodular goiter
b) Grave’s disease
c) Riedel thyroiditis
d) Anaplastic thyroid cancer
Answer: Anaplastic thyroid cancer
Explanation:
Bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis:
Neuritis or surgical trauma (Thyroidectomy) is the most important causes. Other causes are carcinoma thyroid, Ca esophagus (Cervical) and cervical lymphadenopathy.
The vocal cords lie in median or para-median position due to unopposed action of crico-thyroid muscle.
Q-16. Angio-fibroma bleeds excessively because
a) It lacks a capsule
b) Vessels lack contractile component
c) It has multiple sites of origin
d) All of the above
Answer: Vessels lack contractile component
Explanation:
Nasopharyngeal angio-Fibroma:
Juvenile Angio-Fibroma (JNA) or Nasopharyngeal Angio-Fibroma is a benign tumor that tends to bleed and occurs in the naso-pharynx of pre-pubertal and adolescent males.
It is commonest of all benign tumors of naso-pharynx.
Mostly, the vessels are just endothelium lined space with no muscle coast.
This accounts for the severe bleeding as the vessels loss the ability to contract.
Profuse and recurrent bleeding is the most common presentation.
Q-17. Taste sensation from posterior 1/3rd of tongue carried by
a) Glosso-pharyngeal
b) Lingual
c) Chorda-tympani
d) Vagus
Answer: Glosso-pharyngeal
Explanation:
Innervation of taste and sensation is different for the anterior and posterior part of the tongue because they are derived from different embryological structures.
Anterior two thirds of tongue:
Taste: chorda tympani branch of the facial nerve (CN VII)
Posterior one third of tongue:
Taste and sensation: Glosso-pharyngeal nerve (CN IX)
Q-18. Car-hart’s notch is found is
a) Otospongiosis
b) CSOM
c) Meniere’s disease
d) Acoustic neuroma
Answer: Otospongiosis
Explanation:
Car-hart’s notch is seen in otosclerosis. Bone conduction curve shows maximum loss at 2000 Hz.
Car-hart’s notch disappears after successful stapedectomy.
Q-19. Heimlich maneuver is done to
a) Remove foreign body
b) Cardiac function without pacemaker
c) Pulmonary function without heart lung machine
d) Peripheral circulation
Answer: Remove foreign body
Explanation:
Abdominal thrusts, also called the Heimlich manoeuvre or Heimlich maneuver, is a first aid procedure used to treat upper airway obstruction by foreign object.
Q-20. Following are tuning fork tests except
a) Schwabach’s Test
b) Gelle’s test
c) Burn’s test
d) Rinne test
Answer: Burn’s test
Explanation:
The Burns’ test is a useful clinical test for differentiating between organic and non-organic causes of low back pain.
In this test the patient is asked to kneel on a bench with knees and hips flexed and place his fingers on the floor. The kneeling position relieves stress on the low back and tension on the sciatic nerve, so that patients with organic causes of low back pain are able to perform the test.