Having a pulmonary embolism includes risk of possible
Having a pulmonary embolism (PE) can involve various risks and potential complications, some of which include:
- Respiratory Distress: Pulmonary embolism involves the blockage of one or more pulmonary arteries by a blood clot that has traveled from another part of the body, often from the legs (deep vein thrombosis). This blockage can lead to decreased oxygen exchange in the lungs, causing difficulty in breathing, shortness of breath, and respiratory distress.
- Hypoxia: Reduced oxygen exchange in the lungs due to the blockage can result in decreased oxygen levels in the bloodstream, leading to hypoxia (low oxygen levels in the body). Hypoxia can cause dizziness, confusion, rapid heart rate, and even loss of consciousness.
- Pulmonary Infarction: In severe cases, the lack of blood flow caused by a pulmonary embolism can lead to pulmonary infarction, which is the death of lung tissue due to inadequate blood supply. This can result in chest pain and further compromise lung function.
- Right Heart Strain: Large or multiple pulmonary emboli can put strain on the right side of the heart, known as acute cor pulmonale. This can cause symptoms like swelling in the legs and abdomen, as well as symptoms of heart failure.
- Hemodynamic Instability: Severe pulmonary embolism can lead to hemodynamic instability, including shock, due to compromised blood flow and oxygen delivery to vital organs.
- Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension (CTEPH): Some individuals who survive a pulmonary embolism may develop chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension, a condition in which the lung arteries become narrowed and the blood pressure within them increases, putting additional strain on the heart.
- Recurrence: People who have had a pulmonary embolism are at increased risk of having another episode in the future, especially if the underlying risk factors are not properly managed.
- Death: In severe cases, if not treated promptly and effectively, a pulmonary embolism can be fatal.
It’s important to note that the severity of complications can vary depending on factors such as the size and location of the clot, the person’s overall health, and the promptness of medical intervention. If you suspect you or someone else is experiencing symptoms of a pulmonary embolism, it is critical to seek immediate medical attention. Pulmonary embolism is a medical emergency that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment to minimize the risks associated with it.