Nomenclature
Cytokines have been classed as
lymphokines,
interleukins, and
chemokines,
based on their presumed function, cell of secretion, or target of action. Because cytokines are characterised by considerable redundancy and pleiotropism, such distinctions, allowing for exceptions, are obsolete.
The term interleukin was initially used by researchers for those cytokines whose presumed targets are principally white blood cells (leukocytes). It is now used largely for designation of newer cytokine molecules and bears little relation to their presumed function. The vast majority of these are produced by T-helper cells.
Lymphokines: produced by lymphocytes
Monokines: produced exclusively by monocytes
Interferons: involved in antiviral responses
Colony stimulating factors: support the growth of cells in semisolid media
Chemokines: mediate chemoattraction (chemotaxis) between cells.