In post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) of chickenpox, the preferred option is Varicella Zoster Immunoglobulin (VZIG) for people who are at high risk of severe infection and complications, and have not previously received the varicella vaccine.
VZIG contains antibodies against the varicella-zoster virus, which can provide temporary protection against the disease. It is usually given to individuals who have been exposed to chickenpox and who have a weakened immune system, such as people with HIV, cancer, or on immunosuppressive medications. It is also recommended for pregnant women who have not had chickenpox before and have been exposed to the virus.
Varicella vaccine is another option for PEP, and it is recommended for people who have not had chickenpox before and who are at high risk of severe infection and complications. The vaccine can provide protection against the disease if given within 3-5 days of exposure. However, it is not recommended for pregnant women, people with weakened immune systems, or people who have had a severe allergic reaction to a previous dose of the vaccine.
In summary, VZIG is the preferred option for PEP in high-risk individuals who have not received the varicella vaccine before, while varicella vaccine can be considered in certain situations for people who have not had chickenpox before and who are not at high risk of severe infection and complications. It is important to consult with a healthcare provider for individualized recommendations and treatment.