A 44-year-old male with a background of multiple myeloma presents to the haematology clinic with swelling of the lower limbs. Blood tests showed low albumin levels and an urine dipstick was positive for protein. He has a kidney biopsy and stains positively for Congo-red which combined with polarised light, appears apple-green. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Amyloidosis
Minimal change disease
IgA nephropathy
Membranous glomerulonephritis
Systemic lupus erythematous
A 48-year-old woman is taken for autopsy after she is pronounced dead. Her family found her unresponsive and the ER team performed CPR but she didn’t respond. The autopsy reveals the cause of death as internal hemorrhage from an artery close to the posterior wall of the body of the stomach due to erosion of a gastric ulcer.
Which of these arteries is most likely involved in this case?
A- Celiac trunk
B- Left gastric artery
C- Right gastric artery
D- Splenic artery
E- Superior mesenteric artery
Spirometry in Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP)
1.Restrictive
2.Obstructive
3.Mixed
37-year-old previously healthy man is brought to the emergency room for dizziness, chest pain and A palpitations. Cardiac chemistry panel is normal. ECG shows a sloping upstroke of the QRS complex.
What is the treatment of choice of this condition?
A-Atropine
B-Digoxin
C-Metoprolol
D-Procainamide
E-Verapamil
You are reviewing a 65-year-old in the renal clinic. He has been on haemodialysis for chronic kidney disease for the past 6 years. What is he most likely to die from?
Hyperkalaemia
Malignancy
Dilated cardiomyopathy
Dialysis related sepsis
Ischaemic heart disease
Ronaldo 
️ = Drugs causes interstitial nephritis
• R = Rifampicin
• O = Omeprazole
• N = NSAIDs
• A = Acyclovair +Allopurinol
• L = lactam beta antibiotics
• D = Diuretics
• O = Omeprazole
A 64 year old woman complains of low back pain for 1 week. Her pain and tenderness is localized over the lumbar spine and exaggerated by movement. Her physician prescribes her a phosphonate drug What is the mechanism of action of this drug for this patient?
A- Decrease osteoclast activity
B- Increase osteoblast activity
C- Decrease parathormone activity
D- Increase vitamin D absorption
E- Increase urinary calcium reabsorption
two-year old boy presents with an abdominal mass. Which of the following is associated with Wilm’s tumour (nephroblastoma)?
Deletion on short arm of chromosome 12
Tuberose sclerosis
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease
Malformation occurs during the embryonic period ?
1.Weeks 2-4
2.weeks 3-5.
3.weeks 3-6.
4.weeks 3-8.
Abortus means…?
a》. Early foetal deaths
b》. Intermediate foetal deaths
c》. Late foetal deaths
d》. Early + intermediate deaths
A 24 yo woman presents with tingling and twitching of her fingers followed by throbbing
unilateral headache. What is the most likely dx?
a. Tension headache
b. Migraine
c. Cluster headache
d. TIA
e. SAH
61-year-old man with a history of hypertension presents with central chest pain. Acute coronary syndrome is diagnosed and conventional management is given. A few days later a diagnostic coronary angiogram is performed. The following week a deteriorating of renal function is noted associated with a purpuric rash on his feet. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Aspirin-induced interstitial nephritis
Heparin-induced thrombocytopaenia
Renal artery stenosis
Cholesterol embolisation
Antiphospholipid syndrome
A 45-year-old presents to the Emergency Department with chest pain. An ECG shows anterior ST elevation and he is thrombolysed with alteplase. His chest pain settles and he is started on aspirin, atorvastatin, bisoprolol and ramipril. Four days later his blood results are as follows:
Urea 22 mmol/l
Creatinine 277 µmol/l
What is the most likely cause for the deterioration in renal function?
Renal artery stenosis
NSAID related nephropathy
Statin nephropathy
Dressler’s syndrome
Haemorrhage into renal cyst
Which of the following is an example of an co-dominant disease?
A. SLE
B. Huntington disease
C. Wilson’s disease
D. Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency
E. Fragile X syndrome.
Fanconi syndrome is associated with each one of the following, except:
Hydronephrosis
Osteomalacia
Aminoaciduria
Glycosuria
Proximal renal tubular acidosis
45-year-old woman with nephrotic syndrome is noted to have marked loss of subcutaneous tissue from the face. What is the most likely underlying cause of her renal disease?
Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis type II
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
Minimal change glomerulonephritis
Renal vein thrombosis
Membranous glomerulonephritis
LAST = Drug causes of renal stones
○ L = loop diuretics
○ A = acetazolamide
○ S = steroids
○ T = theophyline