- An example of Anaplerotic reaction is
a) Pyruvate to acetaldehyde
b) Pyruvate to Oxaloacetate
c) Pyruvate to lactate
d) Pyruvate to Acetyl CoA
2.Which of the following is having maximum thermic effect food?
a) Fat
b) Protein
c) Carbohydrate
d) Does not depend on type of food/macronutrient content
Specific dynamic action ( thermic effect ) is energy expenditure above resting metabolic energy. This includes
energy expenditure for digestion and absorption of food etc.
Maximum is for Protein (30%) then fat or lipid (12 %) least for carbohydrates ( 7%).Hence for weight loss
dieticians advice High protein diet.
3.A lady presented with tingling sensation in legs and hands…on examination she is having lesions in angle of
mouth with fissured red tongue. On investigation, glutathione reductase activity was low in her body
What’s the vitamin deficient in her?
a) Vitamin B 2
b) Vitamin B6
c) Vitamin B 12
d) Vitamin B 1
Glutathione reductase enzyme needs FAD hence its activity is reduced in riboflavin deficiency.Also remember
B2 deficiency causes fissured tongue cheilosis etc.
4,A patient with history of abdominal colic and headache since 3 months now complains of lower limb
weakness .What is the diagnosis?
a) Acute Intermittent Porphyria
b) Migraine
c) ?
d) ?
5.A girl licks paint that is peeled of from the toys ,develop acute abdominal pain ,tingling sensation of hands
and legs and weakness .Which enzyme is inhibited in this child?
a) ALA Synthase
b) Heme oxygenase
c) Coproporphyrinogen oxidase
d) ALA Dehydratase
Paints contain lead hence its most probably lead poisoning.
Biochemical effects of lead poisoning are
Inhibition of ALA dehydratase >> Ferrochelatase
Increased ALA excretion in urine.
Increased ALA Synthase activity
6.A chronic alcoholic have low energy production because of Thiamine deficiency as it is
a) Acting as a cofactor for alpha ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase and pyruvate Dehydrogenase.
b) Acting as cofactor for transketolase in Pentose Phosphate pathway
c) Interferes with energy production from amino acids
d) Act as cofactor for oxidation reduction
Alpha Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase (TCA Cycle) and PDH (link between aerobic Glycolysis and TCA ) require
Thiamine,hence affect energy production,In alcoholic patients Thiamin deficiency is present.
7.In uncontrolled Diabetes mellitus what is the cause of high level of VLDL and TAG
a) Increased hepatic lipase
b) Increased LDL receptors
c) Increased activity of lipoprotein lipase and decreased activity of hormone sensitive lipase
d) Increased activity of hormone sensitive lipase and decreased lipoprotein lipase activity
Insulin increases activity of Lipoprotein Lipase but inhibit Hormone sensitive lipase.So in Diabetes mellitus
,due to decreased insulin, Lipoprotein lipase activity is decreased which increase VLDL. Hormone sensitive
lipase activity is iicreased which releases stored TAG from adipose tissue,hence TAG level rises.
8.Choose the true statement about mit DNA:
A. Few mutation compared to nuclear DNA
B. It has 3x109 base pairs
C. It receives 23 chromosomes from each parent
D. It codes for less than 20% of the proteins involved in respiratory chain
Expln
In ETC there are around 67 subunits,out it 13 proteins are coded by Mit DNA, which comes around19 %
9.Phenyl butyrate is used in urea cycle disorder because
a) Scavenges nitrogen
b) Increases enzyme activity.
c) maintain energy level
d) Increases Renal output of ammonia
Phenyl Butyrate is an nitrogen scavenger by combining with Glutamine.
10.Which of the following takes place in low insulin/glucagon ratio?
a) cholesterol synthesis
b) Glycogensynthesis
c) ketogenesis
d) fatty acid synthesis
Here Glucagon level is high,so it is regarding fasting state. Ketogenesis is in fasting state.Rest all in fed state.