“Neonatal compartment syndrome is rare. The diagnosis is often made retrospectively after complications have occurred. There is no obvious etiology although both extrinsic and intrinsic causes are thought to contribute. Extrinsic factors include mechanical compression from fetal posture, oligohydramnios, umbilical cord loops, amniotic band constriction, or direct birth trauma. Intrinsic factors include hypercoagulable state in the neonate leading to intraarterial/intravenous thrombosis. A skin lesion is pathognomonic. The lesions start at birth as bullous/ulcerative lesions with distal edema. Early treatment includes emergency fasciotomy.”
