Corpus luteum secretes a hormone called

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corpus luteum secretes a hormone called

he corpus luteum secretes a hormone called progesterone. Progesterone is a crucial hormone involved in the female reproductive system and plays a vital role in preparing the uterus for pregnancy and supporting early pregnancy if fertilization occurs.

After ovulation, when an egg is released from the ovary, the ruptured follicle transforms into a temporary endocrine structure called the corpus luteum. The corpus luteum starts secreting progesterone under the influence of luteinizing hormone (LH) from the pituitary gland.

Progesterone has several functions, including:

  1. Preparing the Uterus for Implantation: Progesterone helps prepare the lining of the uterus (endometrium) for the potential implantation of a fertilized egg. It promotes the growth and maintenance of blood vessels and glands in the endometrium, making it more receptive for implantation.
  2. Maintaining Pregnancy: If fertilization occurs, the corpus luteum continues to produce progesterone during the early stages of pregnancy. Progesterone supports the thickening of the uterine lining, prevents uterine contractions that could disrupt the pregnancy, and helps maintain a suitable environment for fetal development.
  3. Inhibiting Uterine Contractions: Progesterone inhibits uterine contractions during pregnancy, preventing premature labor and ensuring the fetus remains safely within the womb until full term.
  4. Supporting Mammary Gland Development: Progesterone also plays a role in the development of the mammary glands in preparation for breastfeeding.

If pregnancy does not occur, the corpus luteum undergoes degeneration, leading to a decrease in progesterone levels. This drop in progesterone triggers the shedding of the uterine lining, resulting in menstruation.

Progesterone levels are closely regulated throughout the menstrual cycle, and abnormal progesterone levels can affect fertility and pregnancy outcomes. Monitoring progesterone levels can be helpful in evaluating ovulation, diagnosing certain conditions, and assessing the effectiveness of treatments related to reproductive health.