Daily MCQs in starling forces and edema

NEET PG Pathophysiology
, , , ,
#1
  1. What is the primary driving force responsible for fluid filtration from capillaries into the interstitial spaces?

a. Capillary oncotic pressure (πc)

b. Interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure (Pif)

c. Capillary hydrostatic pressure (Pc)

d. Interstitial fluid oncotic pressure (πif)

  1. In which direction does the net movement of fluid occur under normal conditions across the capillaries, based on Starling forces?

a. Outward (filtration) at the arterial end

b. Inward (reabsorption) at the venous end

c. Outward (filtration) at both ends

d. Inward (reabsorption) at both ends

  1. Edema can result from an increase in which of the following Starling forces?

a. Capillary oncotic pressure (πc)

b. Interstitial fluid oncotic pressure (πif)

c. Capillary hydrostatic pressure (Pc)

d. Interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure (Pif)

  1. Which of the following medical conditions is commonly associated with dependent edema in the lower extremities?

a. Diabetes mellitus

b. b. Congestive heart failure

c. c. Asthma

d. Hypothyroidism

  1. What is the term for edema resulting from an increase in capillary permeability, allowing proteins to leak into the interstitial spaces?

a. Hypoalbuminemic edema

b. Lymphatic edema

c. Pitting edema

d. Non-pitting edema

  1. In cases of normal anion gap acidosis, what is the most common ion responsible for the acidosis?

a. Sodium (Na+)

b. Chloride (Cl-)

c. Bicarbonate (HCO3-)

d. Potassium (K+)

  1. How is the anion gap calculated in clinical practice?

a. (Sodium + Chloride) - Bicarbonate

b. Sodium - (Chloride + Bicarbonate)

c. (Chloride + Bicarbonate) - Sodium

d. (Sodium + Bicarbonate) – Chloride

  1. An elevated anion gap is often associated with which type of acid-base disturbance?

a. Respiratory acidosis

b. Metabolic acidosis

c. Metabolic alkalosis

d. Respiratory alkalosis

  1. Which of the following conditions can cause a normal anion gap metabolic acidosis?

a. Diabetic ketoacidosis

b. Renal failure

c. Lactic acidosis

d. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

  1. What is the typical reference range for the anion gap in blood chemistry analysis?

a) 10 to 20 mEq/L

b) 3 to 7 mEq/L

c) 28 to 32 mEq/L

d) 50 to 60 mEq/L

1 Like