The multimodal approach at Mount Sinai Hospital, in Chicago, consisted of analgesics with various mechanisms of action for an additive or synergistic effect in order to minimize opioid use. Nonopioid medications included nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, acetaminophen and gabapentin. For patient pain scores that were 7 and higher on a 10-point scale, hydromorphone was also part of the regimen.
